Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 7

Training - Essay Example Rather than such therapeutic systems Eastern medication at times bolster the utilization of needle therapy and may even lessen pressure. Impacts of needle therapy would not be clarified through conventional clinical models and patients have encountered pressure decrease by utilizing needle therapy. The physiological impacts of needle therapy can likewise be hypothetically upheld with proof and in this article I would contend which model of theory best fits in with our own conviction frameworks and how this case could be legitimized or built up. The spotlight here is in this way on separating but discovering regular grounds among constructivist and positivist ways of thinking. The likenesses and contrasts of these two frameworks of thought could be featured with respect to worry as well as a few different models could be utilized to show precisely where these two frameworks fluctuate and how they would vary. Positivism depends on exacting logical technique and experimental comprehension of occasions. Pushed by Comte, Popper and by researchers, positivism was considered as the most significant way to deal with theory of science that could realize logical advancement with common or material methodologies characterized or saw observationally (Mill, 1993). Positivism is commonly considered as the logical strategy as science depends on specific explanations which are experimentally testable and certain (Morris, 2006). The legitimate structure and rationality of these announcements would make a marvel logically reasonable and at exactly that point this would be acknowledged as clarifying the occasions of the world. Positivism being the best logical clarification is additionally firmly identified with reductionism which shows how one kind of element would be reducible to another. The premise of positivism would identify with quantitative and target estimation of the occasions or marvels contemp lated. Logical data is along these lines data that can be measured and equitably considered. Aside from

Urdu and Free

Urdu and Free Encyclopedia Page Essay Premchands guardians kicked the bucket youthful his mom when he was seven and his dad while he was fourteen and still an understudy. Premchand was left answerable for his stepmother and step-kin. From the get-go throughout everyday life, Premchand confronted gigantic destitution. He earned five rupees a month coaching a legal counselors youngster. He was hitched at the early age of fifteen yet that marriage fizzled, later he wedded once more, to Shivrani Devi, a balavidhava (youngster widow), and had a few kids. She upheld him through life battles. Premchand passed his registration (//straightforward. wiktionary. rg/wiki/registration) test with extraordinary exertion in 1898, and in 1899 he took up school-showing work, with a month to month pay of eighteen rupees. In 1919 he passed his B. A. Page 2 of 4 When inquired as to why he doesn't compose anything about himself, he replied: What significance do I have that I need to delineate for anybody? I live simply like a great many individuals in this nation; I am conventional. My life is additionally standard. I am a poor teacher enduring family travails. During my entire lifetime, I have been granulating ceaselessly with the expectation that I could turn out to be liberated from my sufferings. In any case, I have not had the option to liberate myself from anguish. What is so uncommon about this life that should be advised to anyone? . During his last years,he turned out to be appallingly sick. The cash his significant other used to give for his treatment was utilized in running his press The Saraswati. He was likewise composing a book Mangalsutra which could never be finished. This had genuine effect on his wellbeing prompting his initial passing on eighth October 1936, at 56 years old. [1] Writing style The principle normal for Premchands compositions is his fascinating narrating and utilization of basic language. His books portray the issues of the rustic laborer classes. He kept away from the utilization of exceptionally Sanskritized Hindi (similar to the normal practice among Hindi scholars), and furthermore Spanish language Abstract works Premchand has expounded on 300 short stories, a few books just as numerous papers and letters. He has additionally thought of certain plays. He additionally did a few interpretations. A large number of Premchands stories have been converted into English and Russian. Godaan (The Gift of a Cow), his last novel, is viewed as the best Hindi tale all things considered. [2] The legend, Hori, a poor worker, frantically aches for a cow, an image of riches and eminence in rustic India. Hori gets a dairy animals yet pays with his life for it. After his demise, the town ministers request a dairy animals from his widow to carry his spirit to harmony.

Bradley, Bill

Bradley, Bill Bradley, Bill (William Warren Bradley), 1943â€", American athlete and politician, b. Crystal City, Mo. He first gained wide attention as an All-America basketball player at Princeton. Graduating in 1965, he attended Oxford as a Rhodes scholar and in 1967â€"77 starred for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association. In 1979 he became a U.S. senator from New Jersey. Before retiring from the Senate in 1997, he gained a reputation as a reform-minded Democrat, influential especially on environmental, labor, and income-tax issues. Often mentioned as a possible presidential candidate, Bradley became (1999) a candidate for the 2000 Democratic presidential nomination, but he was defeated in the primaries by Al Gore . Bradley wrote about his visions for America's future in The Journey from Here (2000) and The New American Story (2007). See his account of his Knicks years, Life on the Run (1976), and his memoir, Time Present, Time Past (1996). The Columbia Electro nic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

The Principle Of Respect For Autonomy - 1606 Words

Principles of Bioethics There are four commonly accepted principles of bioethics. The first is the principle of respect for autonomy. Respect for autonomy is a respect for the client to make informed and intentional decisions, provided that the client is judged to be capable of doing so. This principle is the base for the practice of informed consent as well as the right to accept or refuse treatment. The client is to be able to make a rational, informed decision, without any external factors influencing any decisions. This principle may cause what the health care professional perceives to be harm, but to the client, like a muslim client refusing to have a xenotransplantation from a pig, accepting the treatment would cause him to suffer†¦show more content†¦However, in practice, this is quite difficult to achieve. When there is a shortage of goods or availability of services, who should receive them, or who should be cared for. The main equalizing factor of Medicare, is that individuals must be at least 65 years of age; however, this is the only factor of equality of the program. Chapter 4 of Helping and Healing The principle of vulnerability is focused on treating and helping those who have disadvantages, or considered vulnerable. Unfortunately, this is not a universal thought, nor are the qualifications of being vulnerable the same for all. This principle is used in order to protect and not take advantage of the disadvantaged individuals. This principle is one of the reasons why one may observe societies take extra care of children or the elderly. The principle is borne from a respect of all peoples and a combination of the four core principles of bioethics, except for the principle of justice. Pellegrino and Thomasma explain that a secularly defined justice cannot encompass this principle (Pellegrino and Thomasma, 56). This is because, even though American culture and society had a foundation of religious views and beliefs, that base is fading, as is any unification of the morals of individuals. Those with the secular view, see the vulnerable as unfortunat e, but do not see the situation as unjust; those people would believe that because they had nothing to do with the unfortunate events of theShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Principles Of Respect For Autonomy984 Words   |  4 Pagesgive him the blood to save his life despite knowing his religious status and beliefs. There are several ethical principles involved in this scenario. The ethical principles of respect for Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, Veracity and Fidelity will be discussed in the latter part of this essay. There are also legal concepts to be considered in this scenario which are legal principles of ‘Consent’ and ‘Right to refuse treatment’ which can also be addressed as the contemporary issues that is beingRead MoreThe Principle Of Respect For Patient Autonomy Essay2130 Words   |  9 PagesOver the past several decades, the principle of respect for patient autonomy has assumed a central place in health care. Indeed, respect for the self -determining decisions or interests of patients now is an underlying consideration for most professional codes of practice and also patient codes of rights (Cruess Cruess, 2008; MacLeod, Wilson Malpas, 2012). The dilemma now is that fear of losing autonomy or dignity during the dying process could lead some patients to request a hastened deathRead MorePrinciples Of Ethics : Respect For Autonomy, Beneficence, Non Maleficence And Justice1450 Words   |  6 Pageswhich should be the uttermost purpose and outcome of any treatment. Ethical Aspects There are four principles of ethics: Respect for autonomy, Beneficence, Non maleficence and Justice. This four principles offers comprehensive thought of the ethical issues in clinical settings (Beauchamp and Childress 2001 cited in UK Clinical ethics Network 2011). Respect for Autonomy Cambridge (2016) defines autonomy as the ability to make a decision without any influence from any individual. Similarly, it is theRead MoreNursing Ethics : The Four Biomedical Principles Of Nursing1550 Words   |  7 Pagesbiomedical principles of nursing which refer to: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice. Specifically looking at autonomy I will further discuss and explain why I have chosen this principle, its value to good nursing practice and demonstrate its relation to mental health nursing, specifically dementia. Following this I will adhere to the conflicts that may impede its implementation in practice with autonomy, address the legal and professional obligations as a nurse in relation to autonomy andRead MoreCode Of Ethics For Nurses1614 Words   |  7 Pagesanalyze a personal experience to identify ethical concepts that support or challenge ethical principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence, honesty, justice, and respect for autonomy. The ANA has nine provision but only four will be discussed that are relevant to the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence, honesty, justice, and respect for autonomy. †¢ â€Å"The nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person. †¢ The nurse’s primaryRead MoreEthical Principles And Guidelines For The Protection Of Human Subjects Of Research1005 Words   |  5 PagesThe Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Within this report, the National Commission identified three ethical principles that are the foundation for research ethics and the field of bioethics. These principles are respect for persons (also known as autonomy), beneficence and justice. While these three principles are supposed to hold equal moral theoretically and practically, there are times when one principle is given more weight. The purposeRead MoreMy Grandmother Had Breast Cancer1044 Words   |  5 Pagesthe possibility of harming my grandmother, is honesty always the best policy? This action, however, is against the beneficence principle. By giving ‘Qi Gong’ meditation as the only option, my grandmother loss the opportunity to be benefited from the scient ifically proven cancer treatment and palliative care. In my opinion, my family did not respect my grandmother’s autonomy. Being unaware of her condition and excluded from the decision making process, the decision my family made for her was withoutRead MoreCase Study : Liberty And The Elderly Patient1271 Words   |  6 Pages#3 Case Study: Liberty and the Elderly Patient In our culture, respect for individual autonomy is valued to the highest degree. We want to do what we want to do, what we think will give us fulfillment and meaning in life. In other words, we value our liberty and the last thing we want is somebody or some circumstance infringing on it. Ronald X is a self-sufficient man who values his liberty. After he broke his leg, everything changed. The free and autonomous life that he was enjoying was now goingRead MoreEthical Nursing1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe aim of this essay is to discuss an ethical issue encountered whilst on placement. The discussion will focus on the influence of the key ethics theories of deontology and utilitarianism, ethics principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice on decision-making in practice. It will consider the patients’ and staffs’ values and beliefs, legislation and professional practice. Confidentiality will be respected by using a pseudonym, Carol, in accordance with the Nursing and MidwiferyRead MoreMoral And Ethical Dilemma Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pagesto often ambiguous ethical challenges. This paper examines ethically uncertain situation in which the nurse is faced with a decision and action focused problems. Through the application of appropria te guidelines, including the moral and ethical principles, and the ANA code of ethics for nurses, discusses how the scenarios presented should be appropriately resolved. Complex moral issues often arise within the healthcare setting and healthcare professionals are required to manage such vulnerable situations

Birth, Growth Development. Gregory A. Justice Also-Known-As

Birth, Growth Development Gregory A. Justice also-known-as Greg is a 50-year-old Caucasian American man born in Chico, California to John Baxter (biological father) and Lynn Mehl (biological mother). He was adopted at birth by Mr. William Justice and Mrs. Elaine Justice. Mr. Justice recognizes Mr. and Mrs. William and Elaine Justice as his parents. In addition, Mr. Justice also has an elder sister who was also adopted sister name Michelle Dorrance. Subsequently, Mr. Justice had knowledge of his adoption his entire life. Nevertheless, the Justice family was very supportive, making the fact that he was adopted not such a big deal. However, Mr. Justice self-admitted that he was not a social butterfly. According to developmental†¦show more content†¦Mr. Justice enjoyed the benefits of being raised upper middleclass in a small town that he considered easy and boring. At the age of 10 he had his first drink, and later experimented with marijuana. During his high school he tried vodka and used Marijua na. Additionally, he learned to play the piano and guitar. There were no particular problems in high school, Mr. Justice got along with other students, however, he didn’t have a large number of friends, or associates. He graduated from high school and in 1991-1992 he came to Southern California to play piano and guitar while working in a recording studio. Moved to Pomona in 1995, where he attended and graduated from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona in 1998 with a bachelor of Arts Degree in Engineering Technician. Environmental Factors Mr. Justice admits that he doesn’t thrive in social setting. However, he met his wife Catherine at a Halloween Party that was located in downtown Los Angeles in 1997 during his senior year in college. Furthermore, they spent every weekend until he completed college in June of 1998. In July of 1998 they moved in together and got married in July 1999. Mr. Justice feels his marriage was happy until 2010, when she was involved in a vehicle accident where she was rear-ended and faced multiple surgeries,Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Young Social Entrepreneur1641 Words   |  7 Pagesentrepreneurship has also evolved becoming more focused on solving problems rather than merely accumulating income. For years and years America has been a consumer based economy, but in recent years entrepreneurship in a social manner has become a popular ambition. Corporate drones have influenced society for centuries, however because of the rise of social entrepreneurship the entrepreneurial age is here, and many people have jumped at the chance to make a difference with the development of various initiativesRead MoreEssay on How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization1804 Words   |  8 PagesRoles of the Catholic Church in Western civilization has been scrambled with the times past and development of Western society. Regardless of the fact that the West is no longer entirely Catholic, the Catholic tradition is still strong in Western countries. The church has been a very important foundation of public facilities like schooling, Western art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in religion. In many ways it has wanted to have an impact on Western approaches to pros and cons inRead MoreCompare Two Western Films Made at Least Twenty Years Apart on the Basis of the Three of the Five Frameworks Studied in the First Block of the Unit, and the Elements of the Western Genre Studied in the Second Block of the Unit.3922 Words   |  16 Pagesth e Western genre but an entire movie industry. The silent classic, The Great Train Robbery depicts a famous railroad robbery by a notorious gang while the True Grit (2010) shows us the beauty and savagery of the West through a tale of murder and justice. By analysing these films in the context of technology, industry and audience I aim to shed light on Film history and the Western genre. To compare these two contrasting Western films is an opportunity to look into the history of movie-making andRead MoreAbortion, Good or Bad for Society?3757 Words   |  16 Pages Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will enda nger the womans health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead More Whether Abortion is Good or Bad for Our Society Essay3719 Words   |  15 Pagespurpose. Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will endanger the woman’s health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead MoreTrade Regionalism and Globalization: The Economic and Political Perspective4218 Words   |  17 Pagesparticular perspective of Pacific island, which have been isolated from international forum on grounds of their geographical locations (Fry). The paper will give the detailed insight into the develo pments made in these countries as a result of regionalism which enabled them to sustain the wave of globalization. The paper also casts light upon the challenges posed by globalization and how the Pacific island is facing them. The 21st century is characterized with globalization where corporate entities are tryingRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 Pagesterminology to describe this mystery in Against Praxeas claiming â€Å"the Trinity† involved three ‘persons’ of one substance. This theology emerged from the Biblical witness, even though scripture offers no doctrine of the Trinity itself. Even more so, the development of the doctrine of the Trinity grew from the early church’s worship, witness and corporate experience. When faced with a mystery, heresies can’t help but emerge. Docetism and Arianism, Adoptionism and Monarchianism, Nestorianism and MonophysitismRead MoreA World Lit Only by Fire Outline Essay8153 Words   |  33 Pagesrecorded to have died in a single tournament. II. The Church A. Religion and Ruling 1. Converted the pagans to Catholicism. 2. Clovis in A.D. 493 accepted the Church and was baptized. a. Clovis was a violent chieftain. b. Bishop Gregory of Tours explained his actions as being part of his â€Å"divine guidance.† 3. Rulers would often retaliate against those who did not show loyalty to the Church. a. Charlemagne gave the Saxon rebels the choice of baptism or executionRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 PagesALL ABOUT PEACE EDUCATION *Dr. Ajay Kumar Attri, Lecturer; Department of Education, MLSM College ; Sundernagar; Mandi (H.P) âž ¢ INTRODUCTION: Education shall be directed toward the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.Read MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages[10] In the aftermath of the two World Wars,  progressives  welcomed these new international organizations and regimes but argued they suffered from a  democratic deficit  and therefore were inadequate to not only prevent another  global war  but also foster  global justice. Thus, activists around the globe formed a  world federalist movement  bent on creating a real new world order.[11]  In the 1940s, British writer and futurist  H. G. Wells  would go further by appropriating and redefining the term new world

Birth, Growth Development. Gregory A. Justice Also-Known-As

Birth, Growth Development Gregory A. Justice also-known-as Greg is a 50-year-old Caucasian American man born in Chico, California to John Baxter (biological father) and Lynn Mehl (biological mother). He was adopted at birth by Mr. William Justice and Mrs. Elaine Justice. Mr. Justice recognizes Mr. and Mrs. William and Elaine Justice as his parents. In addition, Mr. Justice also has an elder sister who was also adopted sister name Michelle Dorrance. Subsequently, Mr. Justice had knowledge of his adoption his entire life. Nevertheless, the Justice family was very supportive, making the fact that he was adopted not such a big deal. However, Mr. Justice self-admitted that he was not a social butterfly. According to developmental†¦show more content†¦Mr. Justice enjoyed the benefits of being raised upper middleclass in a small town that he considered easy and boring. At the age of 10 he had his first drink, and later experimented with marijuana. During his high school he tried vodka and used Marijua na. Additionally, he learned to play the piano and guitar. There were no particular problems in high school, Mr. Justice got along with other students, however, he didn’t have a large number of friends, or associates. He graduated from high school and in 1991-1992 he came to Southern California to play piano and guitar while working in a recording studio. Moved to Pomona in 1995, where he attended and graduated from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona in 1998 with a bachelor of Arts Degree in Engineering Technician. Environmental Factors Mr. Justice admits that he doesn’t thrive in social setting. However, he met his wife Catherine at a Halloween Party that was located in downtown Los Angeles in 1997 during his senior year in college. Furthermore, they spent every weekend until he completed college in June of 1998. In July of 1998 they moved in together and got married in July 1999. Mr. Justice feels his marriage was happy until 2010, when she was involved in a vehicle accident where she was rear-ended and faced multiple surgeries,Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Young Social Entrepreneur1641 Words   |  7 Pagesentrepreneurship has also evolved becoming more focused on solving problems rather than merely accumulating income. For years and years America has been a consumer based economy, but in recent years entrepreneurship in a social manner has become a popular ambition. Corporate drones have influenced society for centuries, however because of the rise of social entrepreneurship the entrepreneurial age is here, and many people have jumped at the chance to make a difference with the development of various initiativesRead MoreEssay on How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization1804 Words   |  8 PagesRoles of the Catholic Church in Western civilization has been scrambled with the times past and development of Western society. Regardless of the fact that the West is no longer entirely Catholic, the Catholic tradition is still strong in Western countries. The church has been a very important foundation of public facilities like schooling, Western art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in religion. In many ways it has wanted to have an impact on Western approaches to pros and cons inRead MoreCompare Two Western Films Made at Least Twenty Years Apart on the Basis of the Three of the Five Frameworks Studied in the First Block of the Unit, and the Elements of the Western Genre Studied in the Second Block of the Unit.3922 Words   |  16 Pagesth e Western genre but an entire movie industry. The silent classic, The Great Train Robbery depicts a famous railroad robbery by a notorious gang while the True Grit (2010) shows us the beauty and savagery of the West through a tale of murder and justice. By analysing these films in the context of technology, industry and audience I aim to shed light on Film history and the Western genre. To compare these two contrasting Western films is an opportunity to look into the history of movie-making andRead MoreAbortion, Good or Bad for Society?3757 Words   |  16 Pages Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will enda nger the womans health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead More Whether Abortion is Good or Bad for Our Society Essay3719 Words   |  15 Pagespurpose. Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will endanger the woman’s health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead MoreTrade Regionalism and Globalization: The Economic and Political Perspective4218 Words   |  17 Pagesparticular perspective of Pacific island, which have been isolated from international forum on grounds of their geographical locations (Fry). The paper will give the detailed insight into the develo pments made in these countries as a result of regionalism which enabled them to sustain the wave of globalization. The paper also casts light upon the challenges posed by globalization and how the Pacific island is facing them. The 21st century is characterized with globalization where corporate entities are tryingRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 Pagesterminology to describe this mystery in Against Praxeas claiming â€Å"the Trinity† involved three ‘persons’ of one substance. This theology emerged from the Biblical witness, even though scripture offers no doctrine of the Trinity itself. Even more so, the development of the doctrine of the Trinity grew from the early church’s worship, witness and corporate experience. When faced with a mystery, heresies can’t help but emerge. Docetism and Arianism, Adoptionism and Monarchianism, Nestorianism and MonophysitismRead MoreA World Lit Only by Fire Outline Essay8153 Words   |  33 Pagesrecorded to have died in a single tournament. II. The Church A. Religion and Ruling 1. Converted the pagans to Catholicism. 2. Clovis in A.D. 493 accepted the Church and was baptized. a. Clovis was a violent chieftain. b. Bishop Gregory of Tours explained his actions as being part of his â€Å"divine guidance.† 3. Rulers would often retaliate against those who did not show loyalty to the Church. a. Charlemagne gave the Saxon rebels the choice of baptism or executionRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 PagesALL ABOUT PEACE EDUCATION *Dr. Ajay Kumar Attri, Lecturer; Department of Education, MLSM College ; Sundernagar; Mandi (H.P) âž ¢ INTRODUCTION: Education shall be directed toward the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.Read MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages[10] In the aftermath of the two World Wars,  progressives  welcomed these new international organizations and regimes but argued they suffered from a  democratic deficit  and therefore were inadequate to not only prevent another  global war  but also foster  global justice. Thus, activists around the globe formed a  world federalist movement  bent on creating a real new world order.[11]  In the 1940s, British writer and futurist  H. G. Wells  would go further by appropriating and redefining the term new world

Birth, Growth Development. Gregory A. Justice Also-Known-As

Birth, Growth Development Gregory A. Justice also-known-as Greg is a 50-year-old Caucasian American man born in Chico, California to John Baxter (biological father) and Lynn Mehl (biological mother). He was adopted at birth by Mr. William Justice and Mrs. Elaine Justice. Mr. Justice recognizes Mr. and Mrs. William and Elaine Justice as his parents. In addition, Mr. Justice also has an elder sister who was also adopted sister name Michelle Dorrance. Subsequently, Mr. Justice had knowledge of his adoption his entire life. Nevertheless, the Justice family was very supportive, making the fact that he was adopted not such a big deal. However, Mr. Justice self-admitted that he was not a social butterfly. According to developmental†¦show more content†¦Mr. Justice enjoyed the benefits of being raised upper middleclass in a small town that he considered easy and boring. At the age of 10 he had his first drink, and later experimented with marijuana. During his high school he tried vodka and used Marijua na. Additionally, he learned to play the piano and guitar. There were no particular problems in high school, Mr. Justice got along with other students, however, he didn’t have a large number of friends, or associates. He graduated from high school and in 1991-1992 he came to Southern California to play piano and guitar while working in a recording studio. Moved to Pomona in 1995, where he attended and graduated from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona in 1998 with a bachelor of Arts Degree in Engineering Technician. Environmental Factors Mr. Justice admits that he doesn’t thrive in social setting. However, he met his wife Catherine at a Halloween Party that was located in downtown Los Angeles in 1997 during his senior year in college. Furthermore, they spent every weekend until he completed college in June of 1998. In July of 1998 they moved in together and got married in July 1999. Mr. Justice feels his marriage was happy until 2010, when she was involved in a vehicle accident where she was rear-ended and faced multiple surgeries,Show MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Young Social Entrepreneur1641 Words   |  7 Pagesentrepreneurship has also evolved becoming more focused on solving problems rather than merely accumulating income. For years and years America has been a consumer based economy, but in recent years entrepreneurship in a social manner has become a popular ambition. Corporate drones have influenced society for centuries, however because of the rise of social entrepreneurship the entrepreneurial age is here, and many people have jumped at the chance to make a difference with the development of various initiativesRead MoreEssay on How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization1804 Words   |  8 PagesRoles of the Catholic Church in Western civilization has been scrambled with the times past and development of Western society. Regardless of the fact that the West is no longer entirely Catholic, the Catholic tradition is still strong in Western countries. The church has been a very important foundation of public facilities like schooling, Western art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in religion. In many ways it has wanted to have an impact on Western approaches to pros and cons inRead MoreCompare Two Western Films Made at Least Twenty Years Apart on the Basis of the Three of the Five Frameworks Studied in the First Block of the Unit, and the Elements of the Western Genre Studied in the Second Block of the Unit.3922 Words   |  16 Pagesth e Western genre but an entire movie industry. The silent classic, The Great Train Robbery depicts a famous railroad robbery by a notorious gang while the True Grit (2010) shows us the beauty and savagery of the West through a tale of murder and justice. By analysing these films in the context of technology, industry and audience I aim to shed light on Film history and the Western genre. To compare these two contrasting Western films is an opportunity to look into the history of movie-making andRead MoreAbortion, Good or Bad for Society?3757 Words   |  16 Pages Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will enda nger the womans health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead More Whether Abortion is Good or Bad for Our Society Essay3719 Words   |  15 Pagespurpose. Natural abortions are caused for a variety of reasons, some in which the fetus does not develop normally, or if the mother has an injury or disorder that would prevent the birth of the child. Most people refer to the naturally occurring abortions as miscarriages. Other abortions are purposely committed to prevent the birth of a child. These abortions are done because the pregnancy is not wanted, or the pregnancy will endanger the woman’s health. Abortions are now easier, less dangerous, and simplerRead MoreTrade Regionalism and Globalization: The Economic and Political Perspective4218 Words   |  17 Pagesparticular perspective of Pacific island, which have been isolated from international forum on grounds of their geographical locations (Fry). The paper will give the detailed insight into the develo pments made in these countries as a result of regionalism which enabled them to sustain the wave of globalization. The paper also casts light upon the challenges posed by globalization and how the Pacific island is facing them. The 21st century is characterized with globalization where corporate entities are tryingRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 Pagesterminology to describe this mystery in Against Praxeas claiming â€Å"the Trinity† involved three ‘persons’ of one substance. This theology emerged from the Biblical witness, even though scripture offers no doctrine of the Trinity itself. Even more so, the development of the doctrine of the Trinity grew from the early church’s worship, witness and corporate experience. When faced with a mystery, heresies can’t help but emerge. Docetism and Arianism, Adoptionism and Monarchianism, Nestorianism and MonophysitismRead MoreA World Lit Only by Fire Outline Essay8153 Words   |  33 Pagesrecorded to have died in a single tournament. II. The Church A. Religion and Ruling 1. Converted the pagans to Catholicism. 2. Clovis in A.D. 493 accepted the Church and was baptized. a. Clovis was a violent chieftain. b. Bishop Gregory of Tours explained his actions as being part of his â€Å"divine guidance.† 3. Rulers would often retaliate against those who did not show loyalty to the Church. a. Charlemagne gave the Saxon rebels the choice of baptism or executionRead MoreAll About Peace Education13195 Words   |  53 PagesALL ABOUT PEACE EDUCATION *Dr. Ajay Kumar Attri, Lecturer; Department of Education, MLSM College ; Sundernagar; Mandi (H.P) âž ¢ INTRODUCTION: Education shall be directed toward the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.Read MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages[10] In the aftermath of the two World Wars,  progressives  welcomed these new international organizations and regimes but argued they suffered from a  democratic deficit  and therefore were inadequate to not only prevent another  global war  but also foster  global justice. Thus, activists around the globe formed a  world federalist movement  bent on creating a real new world order.[11]  In the 1940s, British writer and futurist  H. G. Wells  would go further by appropriating and redefining the term new world

Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-three Free Essays

string(33) " of harshness and desperateness\." THE FEW SECONDS OF SILENCE that followed seemed to stretch out to eternity. Everyone was confused, each for totally different reasons. Jill’s initial surprise had been laced with excitement, but as she stared around from face to face, her smile faded and faded until she looked as bewildered as the rest of us. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-three or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"What’s going on?’ asked a new voice. Moments later, Emily Mastrano appeared beside her daughter. Emily glanced at me and Sydney with curiosity and then gasped when she saw the third member of our group. â€Å"Sonya!’ Emily jerked Jill back, her face filled with panic. Emily wasn’t guardian-fast, but I admired her responsiveness. â€Å"Emily †¦ ?’ Sonya’s voice was very small, on the verge of cracking. â€Å"It †¦ it’s me †¦ really me †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Emily tried to tug the man inside as well but stopped when she got a good look at Sonya. Like anyone else, Emily had to acknowledge the obvious. Sonya had no Strigoi features. Plus, she was out in broad daylight. Emily faltered and opened her mouth to speak, but her lips couldn’t quite manage it. She finally turned to me. â€Å"Rose †¦ what’s going on?’ I was surprised that she would regard me as an authority, both because we’d only met once and because I honestly wasn’t sure what was going on either. It took me a few attempts to find my voice. â€Å"I think †¦ I think we should come inside †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Emily’s gaze fell back on Sonya. Jill tried to push forward to see what all the drama was about, but Emily continued blocking the door, still not totally convinced it was safe. I couldn’t blame her. At last, she gave a slow nod and stepped away to give us access. Sydney’s eyes flicked toward the car, where Victor, Robert, and Dimitri were waiting. â€Å"What about them?’ she asked me. I hesitated. I wanted Dimitri to be with me to drop the bombshell, but Emily might only be able to handle one thing at a time here. Moroi didn’t have to run in royal circles to know who Victor Dashkov was or what he looked like. Our trip to Las Vegas had been proof of that. I shook my head at Sydney. â€Å"They can wait.’ We settled into the family’s living room and learned the guy who’d answered the door was Emily’s husband, John Mastrano. Emily went through the motions of offering us beverages, like this was a perfectly ordinary visit, but the look on her face confirmed she was still in shock. She handed us glasses of water like a robot, her face so pale she might have been Strigoi. John rested his hand on Emily’s once she sat down. He kept giving us wary looks, but for her, he was all affection and concern. â€Å"What’s going on?’ Emily’s eyes were still dazed. â€Å"I †¦ don’t know. My cousin is here †¦ but I don’t understand how †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ She looked back and forth at me, Sydney, and Sonya. â€Å"How is this possible?’ Her voice shook. â€Å"It was Lissa, wasn’t it?’ exclaimed Jill, who undoubtedly knew this relative’s sordid history. She was understandably shocked–and a little nervous–but excitement was beginning to stir. â€Å"I heard what happened with Dimitri. It’s true, isn’t it? Lissa can heal Strigoi. She saved him. She saved †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Jill turned toward Sonya, enthusiasm wavering a little. I wondered what kind of stories she’d heard about Sonya. â€Å"She saved you.’ â€Å"Lissa didn’t do it,’ I said. â€Å"Another, uh, spirit user did.’ Jill’s face lit up. â€Å"Adrian?’ I’d forgotten about her crush on him. â€Å"No †¦ someone else. It’s not important,’ I added hastily. â€Å"Sonya’s †¦ well, she’s Moroi again. Confused, though. Not quite herself.’ Sonya had been drinking in the sight of her cousin but now turned to me with a wry, knowing smile. â€Å"I can speak for myself, Rose.’ â€Å"Sorry,’ I said. Emily turned to Sydney and frowned. They’d been introduced, but no more. â€Å"Why are you here?’ Emily didn’t have to say what she really meant. She wanted to know why a human was here. â€Å"Are you a feeder?’ â€Å"No!’ exclaimed Sydney, jumping up from her spot beside me on the loveseat. I had never seen her filled with such outrage and disgust. â€Å"Say that again, and I’ll walk right out of here! I’m an Alchemist.’ She was met with blank stares, and I pulled Sydney back down. â€Å"Easy, girl. I don’t think they don’t know what Alchemists are.’ Secretly, I was glad. When I’d first discovered the Alchemists, I’d felt like I was the last person in the world to find out. It was nice to know others were out of the loop too. Keeping things simple for now, I explained to Emily, â€Å"Sydney’s been helping us.’ Tears brimmed in Emily’s blue eyes as she turned back to her cousin. Emily Mastrano was one of the most stunning women I’d ever met. Even tears were beautiful on her. â€Å"It’s really you, isn’t it? They brought you back to me. Oh God.’ Emily rose and walked over to hold her cousin in a deep embrace. â€Å"I’ve missed you so much. I can’t believe this.’ I almost felt like crying, too, but sternly reminded myself that we had come with a mission. I knew how startling this all was. We had just turned the Mastrano family’s world upside down †¦ and I was about to complicate things even more. I hated to do it. I wished they could have the time they needed to adjust, to celebrate the miracle of having Sonya back. But the clock at Court–and on my life–was ticking. â€Å"We brought her †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I said at last. â€Å"But there’s another reason we’re here.’ I don’t know what tone my voice conveyed, but Emily stiffened and stepped back from Sonya, sitting down beside her husband. Somehow, in that moment, I think she knew why we were here. I could see in her eyes that she was afraid–as if she’d been dreading this type of visit for years, as if she’d imagined it a hundred times. I pushed forward. â€Å"We know †¦ we know about Eric Dragomir.’ â€Å"No,’ said Emily, her voice an odd mixture of harshness and desperateness. You read "Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-three" in category "Essay examples" Her obstinate manner was remarkably similar to Sonya’s initial refusal to aid us. â€Å"No. We are not doing this.’ The instant I’d seen Jill, the instant I’d recognized those eyes, I’d known we had the right place. Emily’s words–more importantly, her lack of a denial–confirmed it. â€Å"We have to,’ I said. â€Å"This is serious.’ Emily turned to Sonya. â€Å"You promised! You promised you wouldn’t tell!’ â€Å"I didn’t,’ said Sonya, but her face wore its earlier doubt. â€Å"She didn’t,’ I said firmly, hoping to reassure them both. â€Å"It’s hard to explain †¦ but she kept her promise.’ â€Å"No,’ repeated Emily. â€Å"This isn’t happening. We cannot talk about this.’ â€Å"What †¦ what’s going on?’ demanded John. Anger kindled in his eyes. He didn’t like seeing strangers upset his wife. I directed my words to Emily. â€Å"We have to talk about this. Please. We need your help. We need her help.’ I gestured to Jill. â€Å"What do you mean?’ asked Jill. That earlier eager spark was gone, cooled by her mother’s reaction. â€Å"It’s about your–‘ I came to a stop. I’d rushed into this, ready to find Lissa’s sibling– her sister, we now knew–with little thought of the implications. I should have known this would be a secret from everyone–including the child in question. I hadn’t considered what a shock this would be to her. And this wasn’t just some random stranger. This was Jill. Jill. My friend. The girl who was like a little sister to all of us, the one we looked out for. What was I about to do to her? Looking at John, I realized things were worse still. Did Jill think he was her father? This family was about to be shaken to its core– and I was responsible. â€Å"Don’t!’ cried Emily, jumping up again. â€Å"Get out! All of you! I don’t want you here!’ â€Å"Mrs. Mastrano †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I began. â€Å"You can’t pretend this isn’t real. You have to face it.’ â€Å"No!’ she pointed to the door. â€Å"Get out! Get out, or I’ll †¦ I’ll call the police! Or the guardians! You †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Realization flashed over her now that the initial shock of seeing Sonya had faded. Victor wasn’t the only criminal Moroi would be on guard for. â€Å"You’re a fugitive! A murderer!’ â€Å"She is not!’ said Jill, leaning forward. â€Å"I told you, Mom. I told you before it was a mistake–‘ â€Å"Get out,’ repeated Emily. â€Å"Sending us away won’t change the truth,’ I said, forcing myself to stay calm. â€Å"Will someone please tell me what the hell is going on?’ John’s face was flushed red, angry and defensive. â€Å"If I don’t have an answer within thirty seconds, I’m calling the guardians and the police.’ I looked over at Jill and couldn’t speak. I didn’t know how to say what I needed to, at least not tactfully. Sydney, however, didn’t have that problem. â€Å"He’s not your father,’ she said bluntly, pointing at John. There was a slight pause in the room. Jill almost looked disappointed, like she’d hoped for more exciting news. â€Å"I know that. He’s my stepdad. Or, well, my dad as far as I’m concerned.’ Emily sank back on the couch, burying her face in her hands. She seemed to be crying, but I was pretty sure she could jump up at any moment and call the authorities. We had to get through this fast, no matter how painful. â€Å"Right. He’s not your biological father,’ I said, looking steadily at Jill. The eyes. How had I never noticed the eyes? ‘Eric Dragomir is.’ Emily made a low keening sound. â€Å"No,’ she begged. â€Å"Please don’t do this.’ John’s anger morphed back to the confusion that seemed to be so in fashion in this room. â€Å"What?’ â€Å"That †¦ no.’ Jill slowly shook her head. â€Å"That’s impossible. My father was just †¦ just some guy who ran out on us.’ In some ways, that wasn’t far from the truth, I supposed. â€Å"It was Eric Dragomir,’ I said. â€Å"You’re part of their family. Lissa’s sister. You’re †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I startled myself, realizing I had to look at Jill in a whole new way. â€Å"You’re royalty.’ Jill was always full of energy and optimism, operating in the world with a naive hope and charm. But now her face was grim and sober, making her look older than her fifteen years. â€Å"No. This is a joke. My dad was a lowlife. I’m not †¦ no. Rose, stop.’ â€Å"Emily.’ I flinched at the sound of Sonya’s voice, surprised to hear her speak. I was more surprised at her expression. Authoritative. Serious. Determined. Sonya was younger than Emily by–what? Ten years, if I had to guess. But Sonya had fixed her cousin with a stare that made Emily look like a naughty child. â€Å"Emily, it’s time to give this up. You have to tell her. For God’s sake, you have to tell John. You can’t keep this buried anymore.’ Emily looked up and met Sonya’s eyes. â€Å"I can’t tell. You know what will happen †¦ I can’t do that to her.’ â€Å"None of us know what will happen,’ said Sonya. â€Å"But things will get worse if you don’t take control now.’ After a long moment, Emily finally looked away, staring at the floor. The sad, sad look on her face broke my heart. And not just mine. â€Å"Mom?’ asked Jill, voice trembling. â€Å"What’s happening? This is all a big mix-up, right?’ Emily sighed and looked up at her daughter. â€Å"No. You are Eric Dragomir’s daughter. Rose is right.’ John made a small, strangled sound but didn’t interrupt his wife. She squeezed his hand again. â€Å"What I told you both over the years †¦ it was true. Mostly. We did just have a brief †¦ relationship. Not a cheap one, exactly. But brief.’ She paused and glanced over at John this time, her expression softening. â€Å"I told you †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ He nodded. â€Å"And I told you the past didn’t matter to me. Never affected how I felt about you, about Jill. But I never imagined †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ â€Å"Me neither,’ she agreed. â€Å"I didn’t even know who he was when we first met. It was back when I lived in Las Vegas and had my first job, dancing in a show at the Witching Hour.’ I felt my eyes go wide. No one seemed to notice. The Witching Hour. My friends and I had been to that casino while hunting for Robert, and a man there had made a joke about Lissa’s father being interested in showgirls. I knew Emily worked in a Detroit ballet company now; it was why they lived in Michigan. Never would I have guessed that she’d started as a feather-and-sequin-clad dancer in a Las Vegas show. But why not? She would have had to start somewhere, and her tall, graceful frame would lend itself well to any type of dancing. â€Å"He was so sweet †¦ and so sad,’ Emily continued. â€Å"His father had just died, and he’d come to sort of drown his sorrows. I understood how a death would devastate him, but now †¦ well, I really understand. It was another loss to his family. The numbers were dropping.’ She frowned thoughtfully and then shrugged. â€Å"He was a good man, and I think he truly loved his wife. But he was in a dark, low place. I don’t think he was using me. He cared about me, though I doubt what happened between us would have in other circumstances. Anyway, I was fine with the way things ended and was content to move on with my life †¦ until Jill came along. I contacted Eric because I thought he should know–though I made it clear I didn’t expect anything from him. And at that point, knowing who he was, I didn’t want anything. If I’d let him, I think he would have acknowledged you, had a role in your life.’ Emilyâ€⠄¢s eyes were on Jill now. â€Å"But I’ve seen what that world is like. Court life is politics and lies and backstabbing. In the end, the only thing I’d accept from him was money. I still didn’t want that. I didn’t want to feel like I was blackmailing him–but I did want to make sure your future was secure.’ I spoke without thinking. â€Å"You don’t really live like you’re using that money.’ I regretted the words as soon as they were out. Their home was perfectly nice, hardly the depths of poverty. But it also didn’t match the funds I’d seen moved around in those bank accounts. â€Å"I’m not,’ said Emily. â€Å"It’s on hand for emergencies, of course, but mostly I set it all aside for Jill, for her future. To do whatever she wants.’ â€Å"What do you mean?’ asked Jill, aghast. â€Å"What kind of money are you talking about?’ â€Å"You’re an heiress,’ I said. â€Å"And royalty.’ â€Å"I’m not any of those things,’ she said. She was frantic now, looking around at all of us. She reminded me of a deer, ready to bolt. â€Å"There’s a mistake. You’ve all made some mistake.’ Emily stood up and walked over to Jill’s chair, kneeling on the floor before it. Emily clasped her daughter’s hand. â€Å"It is all true. And I’m sorry you have to find out like this. But it doesn’t change anything. Our lives aren’t going to change. We’ll go on just like we have before.’ A range of emotions raced over Jill’s features–especially fear and confusion–but she leaned down and buried her face against her mother’s shoulder in acceptance. â€Å"Okay.’ It was a touching moment, and again, I almost felt like crying. I’d had my own share of family drama and parental issues. Like before, I wanted the Mastranos to have this moment–but they couldn’t. â€Å"You can’t,’ I told them. â€Å"You can’t go on like before. Jill †¦ Jill has to go to Court.’ Emily jerked away from Jill and stared at me. Only a second ago, Emily had been full of grief and distress. Now, I saw intense anger and ferocity. Her blue eyes were stormy, fixing me with a sharp glare. â€Å"No. She is not going there. She is never going there.’ Jill had already visited Court before, but both Emily and I knew that I wasn’t referring to some casual sightseeing trip. Jill had to go with her true identity. Well– maybe true wasn’t the right word. Illicit royalty wasn’t part of her nature, at least not yet. She was who she’d always been, but her name had changed. That change had to be acknowledged, and the Moroi Court would be shaken. â€Å"She has to,’ I urged. â€Å"The Court’s getting corrupted, and the Dragomir family has to play its part to help fix things. Lissa has no power alone, not without a family quorum. All the other royals †¦ they’re trampling her. They’re going to push laws that won’t help any of us.’ Emily still knelt by the chair, as though shielding Jill from my words. â€Å"And that’s exactly why Jill can’t go. It’s why I wouldn’t let Eric acknowledge her. I don’t want Jill involved. That place is poison. Tatiana’s murder is proof.’ Emily paused and gave me a sharp look, reminding me that I was the chief suspect. Apparently we weren’t past that yet. â€Å"All those royals †¦ they’re vicious. I don’t want Jill turning into one of them. I won’t let her turn into one of them.’ â€Å"Not all royals are like that,’ I argued. â€Å"Lissa’s not. She’s trying to change the system.’ Emily gave me a bitter smile. â€Å"And how do you think the others feel about her reform? I’m sure there are royals who are happy to see her silenced–royals who wouldn’t like to see her family reemerge. I told you: Eric was a good man. Sometimes I don’t think it’s a coincidence their family has died out.’ I gaped. â€Å"That’s ridiculous.’ But I suddenly wasn’t so sure. â€Å"Is it?’ Emily’s eyes were on me, as though guessing my doubts. â€Å"What do you think they’d do if another Dragomir came forward? The people who oppose Vasilisa? What do you think they’d do if only one person stood between them and her family’s power?’ Her implications were shocking †¦ yet, I knew they weren’t impossible. Glancing over at Jill, I felt an empty, sinking feeling in my stomach. What would I be subjecting her to? Sweet, innocent Jill. Jill wanted adventure out of life and could still barely talk to guys without blushing. Her desire to learn to fight was half-youthful impulse and half-instinct to defend her people. Stepping into the royal world could technically help her people too–though not in a way she’d ever expected. And it would mean getting involved with the dark and sinister nature that sometimes filled the Court. Emily seemed to read my silence as agreement. A mix of triumph and relief crossed her face, all of which vanished when Jill suddenly spoke up. â€Å"I’ll do it.’ We all turned to stare. Thus far, I’d been regarding her with pity, thinking of her as a victim. Now, I was startled at how brave and resolved she looked. Her expression was still underscored with a little fear and shock, but there was a steel in her I’d never seen before. â€Å"What?’ exclaimed Emily. â€Å"I’ll do it,’ said Jill, voice steadier. â€Å"I’ll help Lissa and †¦ and the Dragomirs. I’ll go with Rose back to Court.’ I decided mentioning the myriad difficulties of me getting anywhere near Court wasn’t important just then. Honestly, I had reached a point where I was playing all of this by ear, though it was a relief to see Emily’s fury shifted away from me. â€Å"You will not! I’m not letting you near there.’ â€Å"You can’t make this choice for me!’ cried Jill. â€Å"I’m not a child.’ â€Å"And you’re certainly not an adult,’ retorted Emily. The two began arguing back and forth, and soon John jumped in to support his wife. In the midst of the family bickering, Sydney leaned toward me and murmured, â€Å"I bet you never thought the hardest part of finding your â€Å"savior’ would be getting her mom to let her stay out past curfew.’ The unfortunate part about her joke was that it was kind of true. We needed Jill, and I certainly hadn’t envisioned this complication. What if Emily refused? Clearly, keeping Jill’s heritage a secret was something she’d been pretty adamant about for a while– say, like, fifteen years. I had a feeling Jill wouldn’t be beyond running away to Court if it came down to that. And I wouldn’t be beyond helping her. Once more, Sonya jumped into the conversation unexpectedly. â€Å"Emily, didn’t you hear me? This is all going to happen eventually, with or without your consent. If you don’t let Jill go now, she’ll go next week. Or next year. Or in five years. The point is, it will happen.’ Emily sank back against the chair, face crumpling. â€Å"No. I don’t want this.’ Sonya’s pretty face turned bitter. â€Å"Life, unfortunately, doesn’t seem to care what we want. Act now while you can actually stop it from being a disaster.’ â€Å"Please, Mom,’ begged Jill. Her jade Dragomir eyes regarded Emily with affection. I knew Jill might indeed disobey and run off–but she didn’t want to, not if she didn’t have to. Emily stared into the distance, long-lashed eyes vacant and defeated. And although she was standing in the way of my plans, I knew she did it out of legitimate love and concern–traits that had probably drawn Eric to her. â€Å"Okay,’ said Emily at last. She sighed. â€Å"Jill can go–but I’m going too. You aren’t facing that place without me.’ â€Å"Or me,’ said John. He still seemed bewildered but was determined to support his wife and stepdaughter. Jill regarded them both with gratitude, reminding me again that I’d just turned a functional family dysfunctional. Emily and John coming with us hadn’t been part of my plans, but I couldn’t blame them and didn’t see what harm they’d cause. We’d need Emily anyway to tell everyone about Eric. â€Å"Thank you,’ I said. â€Å"Thank you so much.’ John eyed me. â€Å"We still haven’t dealt with the fact that there’s a fugitive in our home.’ â€Å"Rose didn’t do it!’ That fierceness was still in Jill. â€Å"It was a setup.’ â€Å"It was.’ I hesitated to speak my next words. â€Å"Probably by the people opposing Lissa.’ Emily paled, but I felt the need for honesty, even if it reaffirmed her fears. She took a steadying breath. â€Å"I believe you. Believe that you didn’t do it. I don’t know why †¦ but I do.’ She almost smiled. â€Å"No, I do know why. It’s because of what I said before, about those vipers at Court. They’re the ones who do this kind of thing. Not you.’ â€Å"Are you sure?’ asked John uneasily. â€Å"This mess with Jill is bad enough without us housing a criminal.’ â€Å"I’m certain,’ said Emily. â€Å"Sonya and Jill trust Rose, and so I do. You’re all welcome to stay here tonight since we can hardly head out to Court right now.’ I opened my mouth to say we most certainly could leave right now, but Sydney elbowed me sharply. â€Å"Thank you, Mrs. Mastrano,’ she said, summoning up that Alchemist diplomacy. â€Å"That would be great.’ I repressed a scowl. Time was still pressing on me, but I knew the Mastranos were entitled to make some preparations. It was probably better to travel in the daytime too. A rough check of my mental map made me think we could do the whole drive back to Court in one day. I nodded in agreement with Sydney, resigning myself to a sleepover at the Mastrano house. â€Å"Thanks. We appreciate it.’ Suddenly, something occurred to me, summoning back John’s words. This mess with Jill is bad enough without us housing a criminal. I gave Emily as convincing and reassuring a smile as I could muster. â€Å"We, um, also have some friends with us waiting out in the car †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ How to cite Last Sacrifice Chapter Twenty-three, Essay examples

Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example

Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy Paper â€Å"Show how the poet explores the themes of Isolation and loneliness, and to what extent your appreciation of the theme was deepened by the poet’s treatment? † Stealing is one of the many Carol Ann Duffy poems in which the themes of isolation and loneliness are explored. The poem is about a person who has nothing to live for, because of this they have fallen into a life of stealing items that are worthless and have no sentimental meaning to them, the thief steals simply because they and get a thrill out of doing so (this particular poem is about the stealing of a snowman). The character finds it amusing to steal peoples’ belongings that have a creative aspect to them like: a guitar, a â€Å"bust of Shakespeare† a camera and a snowman. The poem was composed in the 1980’s, which were a time of unemployment and depression for England and also a time of technological advancement this could be the motivation behind the unusual things that are being stolen. However the belongings do not have significant value. Duffy’s treatment that she presents in Stealing also helped to deepen my appreciation for the poem. Her use of tone, imagery and diction that occurs in the poem all help to convey the themes to the audience more thoroughly and make them more apparent and therefor helping one to appreciate and understand the true themes of the poem. The exploration of the themes loneliness and isolation are portrayed in Stealing through a number of different ways, one in which is through the use of imagery. Imagery is a key element to the poem and is conveyed in an assorted of unique ways. In the third stanza the metaphor â€Å"I’m a mucky ghost† is used suggesting that the character has been separated from humanity and is possibly even dead to society. We will write a custom essay sample on Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stealing- Carol Ann Duffy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The use of the word mucky evokes that he leaves a mess behind him and is uncaring for other people and their property indicating that he does not have any friends or family that would suffer from him participating in these high- risk behaviours and getting caught and prosecuted. Duffy’s personal treatment that she has developed in the poem has deepened my understanding because the way that she uses imagery is unique and relates to every- day life. The tone that Duffy uses in Stealing plays an important role in my appreciation of the themes in Stealing. This is because the tone that the poem creates shows me that the Duffy was trying to say and how the audience perceives it. The tone changes throughout Stealing, this is because it is written as someone would talk and as you know the tone without a conversation changes depending on what is being said. When it says, â€Å"flogged it† the tone is angry the use of the harsh word flogged is affective in getting the theme of loneliness across because when you are lonely you can get angry because there is no one there to help you or talk to you about how you feel and how to get over being angry. A change in the tone is when in the second stanza you read â€Å"Part of the trill was knowing/ that children would cry in the morning. † The tone at this part of the poem is satisfaction; the character enjoys knowing that he has made children unhappy. These specific words and phrases that Duffy has used have helped me deepen my understanding of the themes because they are associated and link to the themes generally quite directly. Lastly the diction in Stealing is all very simple and easy to comprehend. This could suggest that the character was not an educated person. Because the poem was set in the 1980’s, which for England were a time of depression, and unemployment it would be easy to believe that the subject of the poem was not an educated man, this could also be a reason as to why he is isolated and lonely which is conveyed through the themes. The most sophisticated word used is â€Å"magnificent†; coincidently it is also the only positive word as well. This suggests that if you are a well-educated person you can be happy because you have opportunities. The single syllabled words like; â€Å"ton†, â€Å"gut†, â€Å"tough† are all simplistic words that represent the struggles of the thief’s every day life. Duffy’s use of these words also helps me understand the themes of loneliness and isolation because they are never being expressed to a particular person or someone that seems to be cared about. Duffy explores the themes of isolation and loneliness through her use of imagery, tone and diction. The way that she expresses her character in the poem is magnificent and the creativeness of the imagery is useful in helping me gain a deeper understanding of the themes, the ever- changing tone and simple diction also help me to engage and successfully gain a deeper understanding of the main themes of loneliness and isolation.

The Great Gatsby Study Guide

The Great Gatsby Study Guide The Great Gatsby, published in 1925, is F. Scott Fitzgeralds most famous novel. Set during the Roaring 20s, the book tells the story of a group of wealthy, often hedonistic residents of the fictional New York towns of West Egg and East Egg. The novel critiques the idea of the American Dream, suggesting that the concept has been corrupted by the careless pursuit of decadence. Though it was poorly received in Fitzgerald’s lifetime, The Great Gatsby is now considered a cornerstone of American literature. Plot Summary Nick Carraway, the narrator of the novel, moves to the Long Island neighborhood of West Egg. He lives next door to a mysterious millionaire named Jay Gatsby, who throws extravagant parties but never seems to show up at his own events. Across the bay, in the old-money neighborhood of East Egg, Nick’s cousin Daisy Buchanan lives with her unfaithful husband Tom. Toms mistress, Myrtle Wilson, is a working-class woman married to mechanic George Wilson. Daisy and Gatsby were in love before the war, but they were separated due to Gatsby’s lower social status. Gatsby is still in love with Daisy. He soon befriends Nick, who agrees to help Gatsby rekindle his affair with Daisy by acting as go-between. Gatsby and Daisy restart their affair, but it is short lived. Tom soon catches on and becomes furious over Daisys unfaithfulness. Daisy chooses to stay with Tom due to her unwillingness to sacrifice her social position. After the confrontation, Daisy and Gatsby drive home in the same car, with Daisy driving. Daisy accidentally hits and kills Myrtle, but Gatsby promises to take the blame if need be. Myrtle’s suspicious husband George approaches Tom about the death. He believes that whoever killed Myrtle was also Myrtles lover. Tom tells him how to find Gatsby, suggesting that Gatsby was the driver of the car (and thus indirectly suggesting that Gatsby was Myrtles lover). George murders Gatsby, then kills himself. Nick is one of only a few mourners at Gatsby’s funeral and, fed up and disillusioned, moves back to the Midwest. Major Characters Jay Gatsby. Gatsby is a mysterious, reclusive millionaire who climbed from a poor upbringing to immense wealth. Hes an idealist fixated on grandeur and romance, but his relentless attempts to woo Daisy and free himself from his past only brings more tragedy upon him. Nick Carraway. Nick, a bond salesman whos new to West Egg, is the narrator of the novel. Nick is more easygoing than the wealthy hedonists around him, but he is easily awed by their grand lifestyles. After witnessing the fallout from Daisy and Gatsby’s affair as well as the careless cruelty of Tom and Daisy, Nick becomes more jaded and leaves Long Island for good. Daisy Buchanan. Daisy, Nicks cousin, is a socialite and flapper. She is married to Tom. Daisy displays self-centered and shallow characteristics, but the reader occasionally sees glimmers of greater depth beneath the surface. Despite renewing her romance with Gatsby, she is too unwilling to give up the comforts of her wealthy life. Tom Buchanan. Tom, Daisys husband, is wealthy and arrogant. He also displays hypocrisy, as he regularly carries on affairs of his own but becomes furious and possessive when he realizes Daisy is in love with Gatsby. His anger over the affair leads him to mislead George Wilson into believing his wife had an affair with Gatsby- a lie that ultimately results in Gatsbys death. Major Themes Wealth and Social Class. The pursuit of wealth unites most of the characters in the novel, most of whom live a hedonistic, shallow lifestyle. Gatsby- a â€Å"new money† millionaire- finds out that even immense wealth does not guarantee crossing over the class barrier. In this way, the novel suggests that there is a significant difference between wealth and social class, and that social mobility is more illusory than the characters think. Love. The Great Gatsby is a story about love, but it is not necessarily a love story. No one in the novel truly feels â€Å"love† for their partners; the closest anyone comes is Nick’s fondness for his girlfriend Jordan. Gatsby’s obsessive love for Daisy is the center of the plot, but he is in love with a romanticized memory rather than the real Daisy. The American Dream. The novel critiques the American Dream: the idea that anyone can achieve anything if they work hard enough. Gatsby works tirelessly and acquires enormous wealth, but he still winds up alone. The misfortune faced by the novels wealthy characters suggests that the American Dream has become corrupted by the greedy pursuit of decadence and wealth. Idealism. Gatsby’s idealism is his most redeeming quality and his biggest downfall. Although his optimistic idealism makes him a more genuine character than the calculating socialites around him, it also leads him to hold onto hopes that he should let go of, as symbolized by the green light he stares at across the bay. Historical Context Fitzgerald was famously inspired by both the Jazz Age society and the Lost Generation. The novel is steeped in the historical context of the era, from flapper and bootlegging culture to the explosion of â€Å"new money† and industrialization. In addition, Fitzgerald’s own life was reflected in the novel: like Gatsby, he was a self-made man who fell in love with a bright young ingenue (Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald) and strived to be â€Å"worthy† of her. The novel can be read as Fitzgerald’s attempt to critique Jazz Age society and the concept of the American Dream. The decadence of the era is portrayed critically, and the idea of the American Dream is depicted as a failure. About The Author F. Scott Fitzgerald was a key figure in the American literary establishment. His work often reflected on the excesses of the Jazz Age and the disillusionment of the post-World War I era. He wrote four novels (plus one unfinished novel) and over 160 short stories. Although he became something of a celebrity in his lifetime, Fitzgeralds novels didn’t achieve critical success until they were rediscovered after his death. Today, Fitzgerald is hailed as one of the great American authors.

History of the Integrated Circuit (Microchip)

History of the Integrated Circuit (Microchip) It seems that the integrated circuit was destined to be invented. Two separate inventors, unaware of each others activities, invented almost identical integrated circuits or ICs at nearly the same time. Jack Kilby, an engineer with a background in ceramic-based silk screen circuit boards and transistor-based hearing aids, started working for  Texas Instruments  in 1958. A year earlier, research engineer  Robert Noyce  had co-founded the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. From 1958 to 1959, both electrical engineers were working on an answer to the same dilemma: how to make more of less. What we didnt realize then was that the integrated circuit would reduce the cost of electronic functions by a factor of a million to one, nothing had ever done that for anything before - Jack Kilby Why the Integrated Circuit Was Needed In designing a complex electronic machine like a computer it was always necessary to increase the number of components involved in order to make technical advances. The monolithic (formed from a single crystal) integrated circuit placed the previously separated transistors, resistors, capacitors and all the connecting wiring onto a single crystal (or chip) made of semiconductor material. Kilby used germanium and Noyce used silicon for the semiconductor material. Patents for the Integrated Circuit In 1959 both parties applied for patents. Jack Kilby and Texas Instruments received U.S. patent #3,138,743 for miniaturized electronic circuits. Robert Noyce and the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation received U.S. patent #2,981,877 for a silicon-based integrated circuit. The two companies wisely decided to cross-license their technologies after several years of legal battles, creating a global market now worth about $1 trillion a year. Commercial Release In 1961 the first commercially available integrated circuits came from the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. All computers then started to be made using chips instead of the individual transistors and their accompanying parts. Texas Instruments first used the chips in Air Force computers and the Minuteman Missile in 1962. They later used the chips to produce the first electronic portable calculators. The original IC had only one transistor, three resistors, and one capacitor and was the size of an adults pinkie finger. Today an IC smaller than a penny can hold 125 million transistors. Jack Kilby holds patents on over sixty inventions and is also well known as the inventor of the portable calculator (1967). In 1970 he was awarded the National Medal of Science. Robert Noyce, with sixteen patents to his name, founded Intel, the company responsible for the invention of the microprocessor, in 1968. But for both men, the invention of the integrated circuit stands historically as one of the most important innovations of mankind. Almost all modern products use chip technology.

Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Operations Management - Essay Example Indeed, in highly competitive environment, consumers’ role has become more distinct in the wider context of business goals. The businesses which cater to the changing needs of the consumers are better equipped to sustain their market position. For example, tourism is now called leisure market because people not only prefer to visit places but also want to be entertained with creative travel schedule that is better able to satisfy their aesthetic, mental and physical needs. Hence, transformation process applies to both goods and services as consumers’ changing preferences for goods and service needs to be met by the businesses. Data is vital part of process mainly due to the fact that manipulation of data considerably helps to facilitates informed choices. A good database creates new opportunities for expanding business and improving business productivity. It helps to understand the changing trends in the preferences of the people, resulting in new products development and value addition to the existing products that meet the changing requirements of the consumers. (words:

Research paper about famous photographer Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

About famous photographer - Research Paper Example He started working with Mathew Brady after making contacts with him, for six years. Brady’s eyes developed problems and failed him; therefore Alexander had to do most of the work. Gardner was then given the role of being in charge of the Brady’s gallery in 1856. During the elections which made Abraham Lincoln the American president, and war that came after the elections, Gardner was keen on capturing all the photographs. He took pictures of soldiers going to war and all the photographs of the civil war. Gardner wanted to deliver Brady’s ideas to Lincoln so he initiated a relationship with Allan Pinkerton, who headed an intelligence operation. Gardner was then made the chief photographer by Allan. After this job, the commander of the Army of the Potomac, General George B. McClellan, appointed Gardner the staff photographer. This appointment then ended Gardner’s job as the manager of Brady’s gallery. Alexander Gardner took photographs of the battle of Antietam and was then given the rank of captain in 1962. He later lost his job as chief army photographer, after McClellan was dismissed by Lincoln from command of the Potomac Army. This was also the time when Gardner ended his working relationship with Brady. The main reason why Gardner terminated his working relationship with Brady was because Brady always attributed the work of Gardner as â€Å"photographed by Brady†. This gave more credit to Brady and very little recognition for Gardner. Later during that winter, Alexander Gardner went with Ambrose Burnside to the Battle of Fredericksburg to take photographs of the battle. His historic photographs during that battle explained the pain that the soldiers went though. Gardner started a studio with his brother in 1963, in Washington D C, where he employed most of the people who worked for Brady. He then took photographs of the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 and the Siege of Petersburg in 1864-1865. The Gardner’s Photogr aphic Sketch Book of the Civil War, which contained two volumes, was published but it did not sell as expected. Some of the photographs in the book were not taken by Gardner. He owned the studio so all the work produced was credited to him. Gardener had taken photographs of Lincoln as well as his conspirators in his assassination. He took ten photographs during the hanging of the men who conspired to assassinate Lincoln. The first photograph was of the soldiers and reporters who were gathered to witness the execution. In this photograph, guards together with the prisoners are seen at the platform. Three conspirators are seated while one is standing. The third photograph showed General Hartranft as he was reading the order of execution to the people assembled as well as the prisoners. The fourth photograph showed the ministers praying for the prisoners who would be executed. The fifth photograph was of the prisoners being tied to the ropes and the crowd is still gathered. In the sixt h photograph, Gardner captured the prisoners’ bodies immediately after they were let to drop. This was the moment when the prisoners died. Gardner took two more photographs of the bodies, twenty five minutes later after they were executed. The last two photographs showed the graves that had been dug next to the scaffold, and a rooftop view of the execution, with the bodies still hanging. He took

Analysis of The Inquisitors Argument in Dostoevskys The Brothers Kara

Analysis of The Inquisitor's Argument in The Brothers Karamazov      Ã‚   Dostoevsky makes a strong case against Jesus in "The Grand Inquisitor": Jesus did not love humanity sufficiently to care for the greater good of the race.    The majority of people, according to the Grand Inquisitor, are weak and "like sheep." Jesus prized freedom of faith above all else, and because he cared more for that freedom than for the happiness of people, the Grand Inquisitor and the Catholic Church, as led by he Inquisitor, reject Jesus. Only the strong, like the Inquisitor, who can "go the forty days and nights in the desert," are capable of attaining the reward of Heaven, while the weak millions, "who are weak but still love Thee... must exist for the sake of the strong." The Inquisitor states that the reason the weak cannot take the narrow road to Heaven is that they are afraid of freedom, that "they can never be free." Trent Reznor of the musical group Nine Inch Nails summarized the Inquisitor's view of humanity in "Happiness In Slavery." In the second verse, Reznor sings, "Slave screams! But he's glad to be chained to that wall!"    The central argument that the Grand Inquisitor makes involves the temptation of Jesus by the Devil in a desert. Satan poses Jesus three temptations, each of which would better the earthly lot of man but decrease his freedom, and Jesus rejects each. First, Satan says, "You must be hungry, turn these stones into bread and feed yourself and the people." Jesus says, "Man does not live by earthly bread alone." Jesus was not just refusing to assuage his hunger: by performing a miracle, he would have lessened man's freedom of faith. Satan was asking the same question, on the behalf of humanity, that Jame... ...e harmful than any vice ("sin") is "active pity for all the failures and all the weak: Christianity."    An interesting test of the Inquisitor's view of freedom will come on this next election day. Our state senator, and many other people, claim that "we need more restrictive laws help fight crime in our neighborhoods" and that new laws will "assist our law enforcement officials... in their efforts to control the pornography industry." I don't intend to argue the pros or cons of more restrictive pornography laws, but one thing is certain: these laws will limit American’s freedom of speech. Will American’s give up some freedom for a possible payoff in lower crime?   I think Dostoevsky's Grand Inquisitor would be interested in finding out.    References Dostoevsky, Fyodor. The Brothers Karamazov. Trans. Andrew MacAndrew. New York: Bantam, 1981.   

Premarital Cohabitation Essay

Over the past 30 years countries have experienced a phenomenon that has raised many questions about the future of the institution of marriage. Western societies, such as the United States, Canada, and countries in Western Europe have witnessed a virtual explosion in the number of unmarried cohabitating couples. Quite a number of studies have been done to research what effect, if any, this trend has on the subsequent marriage, and how does this affect any children as a result of this union. According to some estimates, since the 1970s, the number of couples that live together has more than tripled. However, there are two sides to the story – one, proposes that premarital cohabitation is like a trial marriage and allows people to eventually marry the one they are more comfortable and compatible with. The other point of view is that premarital cohabitation leads to a higher divorce rate in the society and may also have other negative effects. However, research suggests that there is little merit to the claim that cohabitation effectively serves as a trial marriage. Furthermore, studies indicate that premarital cohabitation is actually detrimental because it leads to higher divorce rates and dissolution of marriage. Why Would People Prefer to Cohabit To understand the effects of cohabitation it is necessary to review why people cohabit in the first place. About 50% of cohabitating individuals express the belief that living together without is a way to determine compatibility before getting married. Based on the premise that premarital cohabitation allows couples to determine compatibility, this practice should result in more stable marriages. However, evidence suggests that the contrary is true. Cohabitation is linked to lower levels of marital satisfaction. Couples who previously lived together are reported to spend less time together in shared activities. They report higher levels of marital disagreement, less supportive behavior, less problem-solving, more marital problems, and greater perceived likelihood of marital dissolution (Amato 2003). Premarital Cohabitation Leads to Higher Divorce Rates Research has shown that cohabitation is extremely unstable. For example, Canada has experienced a ninefold increase in the numbers of cohabitating couples, as well as a fourfold increase in the number of divorces over the past 30 years. Recent studies have not only indicated that cohabitation is negatively linked to marital stability, but studies also indicate that living in common law is related to a decrease in quality of marriage (Hall 1995). In a survey conducted by the Australian Institute of Family Studies Family Formation Project showed that after 5 years of being married, 13 per cent of those who had cohabited before marriage would divorce, versus six per cent of non-cohabiters. Ten years later, the difference increased to 26 per cent for those who had cohabited and 14 per cent for those who had not. After 20 years, there was a further increase of 56 per cent of people who had cohabited versus 27 per cent of those who had not (Weston 2007). Many reasons are cited for the resulting instability and the higher divorce rate among former couples who formerly cohabitated. Cohabitators are thought to hold more unconventional values and attitudes than those who marry without cohabitating. Those who cohabitate are thought to have a weaker commitment to marriage in general, or they may have higher expectations about the quality of marriage than those who do not cohabitate. Cohabitators are also thought to have socioeconomic or personality characteristics that are linked to higher likelihood of union dissolution (Dourleijn 2006). Among these socioeconomic and personality factors which are thought to be linked to higher instances of marital dissolution are parental divorce, less education, lower income, premarital pregnancy and childbirth, being non-white, and having had a previous divorce (Cohan 2002). According to research conducted and published in the American Sociological Review, it was concluded that â€Å"Overall association exists between premarital cohabitation and subsequent marital instability. The dissolution rates of women who cohabit premaritally with their future spouse are, on average, nearly 80 percent higher than the rates of those who do not. † (Bennett, Blanc, and Bloom 1988). Based on the US data, researchers have shown that ‘marriages that are preceded by living together have 50 per cent higher disruption rates than marriages without premarital cohabitation. In Sweden, researched showed that cohabiters were more likely to divorce even if the period of marriage is counted from the beginning of cohabitation. A subsequent study also found that premarital cohabitation, regardless of the nature or reason; it is associated with an increased risk of marital instability. Based on the work of Bennett, Blanc and Bloom (1987) whose findings correspond with previous findings, the following conclusions can be made: knowing that cohabiters and non-cohabiters differ in the sense of higher risk of divorce, the researchers set about to explore if there are other characteristics which were unique to these two groups, or a factor which can show that it is not premarital cohabitation alone which leads to higher divorce rate. While no one factor was found to support the argument that cohabitation caused the difference, researchers did not find a characteristic to dispute the argument. According to their data sample, women who cohabited were younger than those who did not. They are also more likely to have had a premarital conception, and were twice as likely to have had a premarital birth. For those who marry at a young age, or who have had a premarital birth have higher divorce rates. However, the first birth within a marriage has a stabilizing effect, and for these couples divorce rates are one quarter lower. These results are consistent with previous research. In 1985, it was found that for every year of age an adult attains before marrying, the risk of dissolution decreases by 16%. Education achieved for women is negatively related with the possibility of divorce. However, for this aspect other factors may also be involved. When social background was considered, similar findings were found. Social background is measured by using the occupation of the main breadwinner in the household. This factor indicates level of education achieved, parent’s marital status etc. It was found that women in households with a white collar worker as the breadwinner had higher divorce rates than other women. Another interesting finding concerns the duration of how long the couple have been together. The researchers assume that people who cohabit can be roughly divided into two groups: those who believe in the institution of marriage, and those who don’t. In such a case, the less committed group should be seen to have higher divorce rates. This should be observable if the relationship between cohabitation and dissolution should decrease with increase in duration. This is proved by the data researchers had collected. Their findings show that for up to two years of marriage the divorce rates of people who had cohabited before was almost three times. This reduced to twice for people who were married for two to eight years. After eight years, the differences in divorce rates of cohabiters and non-cohabiters are statistically insignificant. Thus one interpretation of this is the fact that people who cohabit have characteristics that make them more likely to have higher chances of a divorce. Another finding points to the fact that women who cohabit premaritally for more than three years have a 54 percent higher divorce rate than those who have cohabitated for shorter periods of time. This is because the former groups of people have such characteristics which make them less willing to commit. These include valuing one’s independence and being more self-reliant (Bennett 1987). Other Adverse Effects The increase in the rate of premarital cohabitation raises important concerns about the institution of marriage from a societal perspective. One concern is that individuals may find cohabitation to be an attractive arrangement and will be more likely to view marriage as undesirable. Another concern is that the high rate of dissolution among couples will reinforce the view that â€Å"intimate relationships are fragile and temporary,† thereby reducing the view within society that marriage is a rewarding lifetime commitment. In addition, research shows that cohabitation is linked to delayed marriage, an increase in nonmarital fertility, less commitment to marriage, and greater approval of divorce and nonmarital cohabitation. Furthermore, societies which have experienced a sharp increase in premarital cohabitation rates have also experienced an upward trend in divorce, premarital sex, and premarital pregnancy rates, while marriage and marital fertility rates have declined (Balakrishnan 1995). Conclusion: Although a number of individuals believe that cohabitation provides a means by which couples may determine their compatibility before getting married, there is a vast body of strong evidence that suggests otherwise. Married couples who previously lived together report high levels of marital disagreement, spend less time together, and are more likely believe that their marriage will end in dissolution. These couples tend to be less supportive of each other, and they institute fewer problem solving skills. Cohabitation has been linked to lower commitment levels among couples, diminished views on the marital relationship in general, and a higher divorce rate. These ill effects are directly linked to the cohabitation trend, which has exploded over the course of the past few decades. Researchers believe that cohabitation leads to unstable marriages because those who cohabitate tend to have weaker commitment to marriage in general, or they may have higher expectations for the quality of married life. Cohabitators are also more likely to hold unconventional views on marriage. It has also been observed that those who cohabitate tend to have other socioeconomic and individual characteristics that are linked to a higher rate of marriage dissolution. In addition to the higher divorce rate that seems to be directly related to the dramatic increase in cohabitation, other undesirable effects have also resulted. Societies that have experienced a surge in premarital or nonmarital cohabitation have also seen a sharp increase in premarital pregnancies, delayed marriage, and greater acceptance and approval of divorce and nonmarital cohabitation.

Status Offenders, Dependent and Neglected Youths, and...

Status Offenders, Dependent and Neglected Youths, and Juvenile Victimizations: As they come into contact with the juvenile justice system different, delinquent youths are treated differently in this system. Notably, the jurisdiction of this system and its courts also extends to non-delinquent youths like dependent and neglected youths, and status offenders. However, non-delinquents are not only viewed differently but they are also treated separately from delinquents. In most cases, non-delinquents are regarded as children in need of help and supervision while delinquents are held accountable and punished for their actions. Nonetheless, non-delinquents undergo several similar processes and dispositions like delinquents because of the differing reasons for the intervention of the juvenile justice system. Delinquents vs. Non-delinquents: Whereas dependent youths are those whose parents dont have the ability to take care of them, the neglected ones are youths whose parents have declined to take care of though they have the ability to do so. Some of the major causes of dependency include severe physical and mental disabilities and death of parents while the failure to offer adequate supervision to intense sexual, physical, and emotional abuse contributes to neglect. There are two major types of agencies in the juvenile justice system that deals with the delinquents and non-delinquents. One of these types of agencies is the human-service type agency that focuses on theShow MoreRelated The Development of Childhood Throughout History Essay3065 Words   |  13 Pagesto enter religious orders, become soldiers or seek wealthy patrons. Under the Dower system, a womans family gave money, land or other wealth in exchange for a potential husband. This system forced women into the role of second class citizens dependent on the ir fathers and brothers. Wet nurses took care of newborn, thus restricting contact between child and parent. The practice of wrapping newborn in swaddling often led to high infant mortality. (Siegel 12). During the 17th and 18th CenturiesRead MoreJuvenile Justice System. The Federal Juvenile Delinquency1845 Words   |  8 PagesJUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM The Federal Juvenile Delinquency Act defines juvenile delinquency as, â€Å"any act that is otherwise a crime, but is committed by someone under 18 years of age (â€Å"Juvenile Justice, 2007†)†. This act sets forth rules in which state laws must comply with in regard to juvenile court procedures and punishments. A majority of states have a criminal culpability set at 18 years of age, however culpability age can differ depending on the state. Certain states base whether a juvenile’sRead MoreEffects of Child Abuse on Juvenile Delinquency4283 Words   |  18 PagesThe Effects of Child Abuse on Juvenile Delinquency Tyshenia Gavin Virginia State University Dr. Hodgson Abstract This literature review explores existing literature and scholarship that outlines the effects of early child abuse (2-8 years old) on future acts of delinquency. Literature suggests that a correlation exists between the effects of child abuse and delinquency. Common problematic behaviors are socialization changes and learning abilities fromRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Nature Of Police Juvenile9755 Words   |  40 PagesThere is substantial concern about rates of juvenile delinquency and the nature of police-juvenile encounters fueled most recently by the â€Å"Black Lives Matter† campaigns nationwide toward improved police-youth interactions. Yet, there are knowledge gaps on how best to proceed. There is insufficient information on the prevalence and nature of police-juvenile encounters in the rural areas of Mississippi, specifically, the Delta region. This lack of information means that policy-makers and academicsRead MoreEssay on Criminological Theories13456 Words   |  54 Pagesworld or across a society. They attempt to answer why there are variations in group rates of crime. Other authors have used the terms â€Å"epidemiology† or social structural theories. Micro. Micro theories of criminal behavior focus on a small group of offenders or on an individual crime. They attempt to answer why some individuals are more likely than others to commit crime. Other authors have used the terms â€Å"individual conduct† or processual theories. Necessary Condition. This means that X must be present